Postgres Best Installation method
PostgreSQL 10.3 installation steps:
In this tutorial i will explain how to install postgreSQL 10 on Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.3 Beta (Maipo),How to make network configuration and linux partition for DATA,ARCHIVE,BACKUP, and how to configure postgreSQL cascading replication using postgreSQL 10
Step 1. Download the rpm or directly install on linux server before this create one postgres user:
https://yum.postgresql.org/10/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/repoview/
(OR)
http://www.tutorialdba.com/2017/11/oracle-and-postgresql-dba-related.html
(OR)
https://yum.postgresql.org/rpmchart.phpÂ
Step 2.Install the rpm on master,slave1 and slave2 server
You need to install the rpm following sequence:Â Sequence would be following
1.postgresql10-libs – The shared libraries required for any PostgreSQL clients
2.postgresql10Â – PostgreSQL client programs and libraries
3.postgresql10-server – The programs needed to create and run a PostgreSQL server
4.postgresql10-contrib – Contributed source and binaries distributed with PostgreSQL
[root@master postgreSQL-10]# rpm -ivh postgresql10-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] package postgresql10-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 is already installed [root@master postgreSQL-10]# rpm -ivh postgresql10-server-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] package postgresql10-server-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 is already installed [root@master postgreSQL-10]# rpm -ivh postgresql10-libs-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] package postgresql10-libs-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 is already installed [root@master postgreSQL-10]# rpm -ivh postgresql10-contrib-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] package postgresql10-contrib-10.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 is already installed
Step 3.After installing PostgreSQL, you need to initialize the postgreSQL instance before initialize check the setup utility.
[root@master bin]# pwd /usr/pgsql-10/bin [root@master bin]# ls -lrt postgresql-10-setup -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8582 Feb 27 05:16 postgresql-10-setup
Then initialize the database:
[root@master bin]# /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postgresql-10-setup initdb Initializing database ... OK
Note:PostgreSQL data is typically found /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ directory.
Verify the data directory:
[root@master bin]# /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ base/ pg_commit_ts/ pg_multixact/ pg_serial/ pg_stat_tmp/ pg_twophase/ global/ pg_dynshmem/ pg_notify/ pg_snapshots/ pg_subtrans/ pg_wal/ log/ pg_logical/ pg_replslot/ pg_stat/ pg_tblspc/ pg_xact/
Step 4.Currently postgres is not running we need to start the postgres cluster:
A.check the postgres cluster status:
[root@master bin]# ps -ef|grep postgres root 5141 3519 0 18:41 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres
B.start the postgres cluster:
[root@master ~]# systemctl start postgresql-10 [root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep post root 2271 1 0 17:21 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/postfix/master -w postfix 2274 2271 0 17:21 ? 00:00:00 pickup -l -t unix -u postfix 2275 2271 0 17:21 ? 00:00:00 qmgr -l -t unix -u root 5171 3519 0 18:44 pts/0 00:00:00 su postgres postgres 5172 5171 0 18:44 pts/0 00:00:00 bash postgres 5295 1 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ postgres 5297 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger process postgres 5299 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process postgres 5300 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: writer process postgres 5301 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process postgres 5302 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process postgres 5303 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process postgres 5304 5295 0 18:47 ? 00:00:00 postgres: bgworker: logical replication launcher root 5306 5237 0 18:47 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto post
C.check wether the database is connect or not:
[root@master ~]# psql
psql: FATAL: role "root" does not exist
[root@master ~]# su postgres
[postgres@master root]$ cd
[postgres@master ~]$ psql
psql (10.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# show data_directory;
data_directory
------------------------
/var/lib/pgsql/10/data
(1 row)
For More info about postgresql server start|stop|reload|restartÂ
Step 5.Now we want to move the data’s to data partition before do this stop the cluster.
A.Stop the Server as postgres user after installation of postgres don’t use as a root user for start and stop the server use mostly postgres user
[postgres@master ~]$ /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ stop waiting for server to shut down.... done server stopped
B.Move the Data location to data partition:
[postgres@master ~]$ rsync -av /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/* /DATA/ sending incremental file list PG_VERSION current_logfiles pg_hba.conf pg_ident.conf postgresql.auto.conf postgresql.conf postmaster.opts base/ base/1/ base/1/112 ... .. . sent 41370578 bytes received 18299 bytes 16555550.80 bytes/sec total size is 41316241 speedup is 1.00
C.check the data directory on postgresql.conf file
[postgres@slave1 ~]$ cat /mnt/DATA/postgresql.conf |grep data_directory #data_directory = 'ConfigDir' # use data in another directory
As postgres user:
start the server as postgres you will get error for changing the ownership permission
[postgres@master DATA]$ /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_ctl -D /DATA start waiting for server to start....2018-03-06 19:18:05.013 IST [5745] FATAL: data directory "/mnt/DATA" has group or world access 2018-03-06 19:18:05.013 IST [5745] DETAIL: Permissions should be u=rwx (0700). stopped waiting pg_ctl: could not start server
Examine the log output.
Solution:
Now change the permission of postgres user like 700 then start the cluster.
[postgres@master ~]$ chmod 0700 /DATA/ [postgres@master ~]$ /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_ctl -D /mnt/DATA start waiting for server to start....2018-03-06 19:22:47.515 IST [5920] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::1%1", port 5432 2018-03-06 19:22:47.515 IST [5920] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 5432 2018-03-06 19:22:47.517 IST [5920] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432" 2018-03-06 19:22:47.521 IST [5920] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432" 2018-03-06 19:22:47.660 IST [5920] LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process 2018-03-06 19:22:47.660 IST [5920] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "log". done server started
Note:Now again check the postgres process and data direcory wether run or not,see the data directory changed from “/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/” to “/mnt/DATA”
[postgres@master DATA]$ ps -ef|grep postgres root 5171 3519 0 18:44 pts/0 00:00:00 su postgres postgres 5172 5171 0 18:44 pts/0 00:00:00 bash root 5317 5237 0 18:48 pts/0 00:00:00 su postgres postgres 5318 5317 0 18:48 pts/0 00:00:00 bash root 5876 5843 0 19:22 pts/0 00:00:00 su postgres postgres 5877 5876 0 19:22 pts/0 00:00:00 bash postgres 5920 1 0 19:22 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postgres -D /mnt/DATA postgres 5921 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger process postgres 5923 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process postgres 5924 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: writer process postgres 5925 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process postgres 5926 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process postgres 5927 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process postgres 5928 5920 0 19:22 ? 00:00:00 postgres: bgworker: logical replication launcher postgres 5980 5877 0 19:28 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef postgres 5981 5877 0 19:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres
Step 6: Now check the database is connect or not,and check the data directory of postgres database
[postgres@master ~]$ psql psql (10.3) Type "help" for help. postgres=# postgres=# show data_directory; data_directory ---------------- /mnt/DATA (1 row)
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